Oxidizer of burner

ABSTRACT

The present invention pertains to a liquid oxidizer of burner consisting of a hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and a dihydrogen monoxide (H 2 O, water) . Wherein the proportion of the H 2 O 2  is 30˜100% and the proportion of the H 2 O is 0˜70%. Whereby, the oxidizer is added into the burner and is subjected to decomposition or catalysis by heating or a catalyst so that it could be transformed into heating steam and gaseous oxygen. Accordingly, the oxidizer possessing the high oxidization accelerates the burning speed of blazing wastes within the burner, and the wastes and firing would be efficiently burnt away. Therefore, the burning effect is advanced, and the emission of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), and pollutants are certainly decreased.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an oxidizer, in particular to anoxidizer of burner that renders a preferable burning efficiency anddecreases the discharging of burnt contaminants and pollutants.

2. Description of the Related Art

Burners such as boilers and incinerators are generally used in industryto generate energy and eliminate wastes. The steam and hot waterproduced by burning could apply in generating electric power,steam/electricity cogeneration, industrial procedure, heating system,and so on. Recently, as the fuel price is soaring high and the globalwarming and environmental deterioration become a general intensiveconcern, the aspect upon fuel economy, i.e. enhanced burning efficiency,low pollutant, and contaminating emissions, becomes an important timelyissue.

Comprehensibly, a substance, especially for a solid one, is always burntfrom its surface toward the interior when the heating temperatureprogressively increases. However, the deficiency attendant on suchtypical burning is to induce a slow and incomplete combustion reactionin virtue of the lack of sufficient oxygen among the interiority andfailing to contact the exterior oxygen, which results in decreasingcombustion efficiency and releasing contaminants to considerably pollutethe environment.

Referring to FIG. 1, the general operation of the incinerator 1 burningwastes 2 (for instance of trash), the wastes 2 are placed within theincinerator 1. The burning would not start until a sufficient collectionof the wastes 2 attains. Whereby, the accumulation of the wastes 2 istight in the sense that merely the top surface thereof could contactexternal oxygen, except for others below the surface level. Hence, thepyrolysis only reacts on the top surface of the wastes 2 to performburning, and the interior of the wastes 2 becomes arduous to be burnt asa result of the lack of high temperature and enough oxygen. In thismanner, the burning is incomplete due to that the wastes 2 are notexhaustively burnt away, and pollutant air such as carbon monoxide,unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), and soot is hence generated.

In consideration of promoting the burning completion and speed, acombustion promoter 3 such as fuel oil or solid refuse derived fuel(RDF) is generally added into the wastes 2 during burning. However,although the promoter 3 could infiltrate the tight-heap wastes 2,promote the burning speed, and raise the temperature, its tightaccumulation still makes the interior or bottom of wastes 2 incapable ofdirectly contacting the exterior oxygen. Therefore, the burning stillstarts from the top surface and propagates sluggishly or difficultlytoward the interior. The problems of a slow burning speed, a poorefficiency, and an incomplete combustion are still manifested.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide an oxidizer of burnerpossessed of high oxidization that facilitates to increase the burningspeed and burns waste far more completely, so as to enhance theefficiency and decrease the producing of pollutants from burning.

The oxidizer of burner in accordance with the present invention mainlyprovides a burner or a combustion chamber with an oxidizer. Wherein, theoxidizer is a liquid compound consisting of a hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)and a dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O, water). Herein the oxidizer is mixed inthe proportion of a range of 30˜100% H₂O₂ to a range of 0˜70% H₂O.Whereby, the oxidizer sprayed on wastes is heated and transformed intoheating steam and gaseous oxygen by burning the wastes within thecombustion chamber. As a result, the high oxidization of the oxidizerspeeds up burning and promotes burning efficiency as well as completecombustion. Therefore, the generations of carbon monoxide, unburnthydrocarbon (UHC) and particulates deemed as pollutants are preferablydecreased.

The advantages of the present invention over the known prior arts willbecome more apparent to those of ordinary skilled in the art by readingthe following descriptions with relating drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic views showing a conventional invention;

FIG. 2A and 2B are schematic views showing the first preferredembodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 3 shows the photo for an experiment illustration of the presentinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Before describing in greater details, it should note that the likeelements are denoted by the similar reference numerals throughout thedisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 2 showing the present invention, a burner 4 includes acombustion chamber 41 for receiving wastes 5 on which an oxidizer 6could be scattered. Wherein, the burner 4, such as a fire tray, anincinerator, or a boiler, mainly served to burn the wastes 5 that couldbe directed to trash, the burner 4 herein is directed to an incinerator4.

Further, the oxidizer 6 is a liquid compound essentially consisting of ahydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 61 and a dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O, water) 62.Wherein the H₂O₂ 61 is in the proportion of 30˜100% (percent by weight)and the H₂O 62 is in the proportion of 0˜70% (percent by weight).Moreover, the oxidizer 6 could be directly applied on the trash 5 beforethe burning, or alternatively be sprayed on the surface of the trash 5during the burning for enhanced oxidizer decomposition. Herein thefollowing descriptions depict the addition of the oxidizer 6 on thesurface of the trash 5 before burning.

Further referring to FIG. 2, in order to avoid the environmentalpollution, the oxidizer 6 is previously blent according to aforeproportions of elements as well as the property of the trash 5 to beburnt. Then, before placing the trash 5 in the incinerator 4, the liquidoxidizer 6 is sprayed on the surface of the trash 5. Herein, the liquidoxidizer 6 can readily infiltrate into the interior or bottom trash 5.After placing the trash 5 in the incinerator 4, a firing (i.e. byexternal means, not shown) used to be arranged within the incinerator 4serves to ignite and burn the top surface of the trash 5 and drasticallyenhance decomposition of the oxidizer 6 into gaseous oxygen 611 andheating steam 621 with significant heat release under the hightemperature inside the chamber 41. Accordingly, not only the top surfaceof trash 5 but also the interior and bottom trash 5 along with thefiring could attain a favorable burning since the oxygen 611 canabundantly spread among the trash 5. Wherein, the chemical reactionformula showing the decomposition of the oxidizer 6 sets forth below:

H₂O₂→H₂O+1/2O₂+98.2 kJ/mol

In practice, the hydrogen peroxide 61 is previously diluted by water 62to lower the concentration thereof for a safety concern of overheat.Whereas, the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 61 essentially possesses theproperty of oxidization higher than those of chlorine, chlorine dioxide,or potassium permanganate and would further enhance such advantagedproperty subordinated to that of fluorine in the periodic table ofelements while the H₂O₂ 61 is also decomposed into hydroxyl (OH—) in theflame of fuel combustion or by the catalysis of the catalyst. Ingeneral, the oxidizer 6 alone is decomposed to produce oxygen (O₂) 611and water (H₂O) 621. Such generation of the hydroxyl (OH—) in the flameis accordingly proven by the sensitivity analysis of chemical reactionsthat it is helpful to directly enhance the burning velocity.Alternatively, if the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 61 associates with thefiring made from hydrocarbon, the heated hydrogen peroxide 61 becomesthe supporter or oxidant for decreasing the heating absorption ofnitrogen and greatly raising the burning temperature within thecombustion chamber 41 as compared to burning with air. As a result, theburning efficiency of the firing along with the wastes 5 is evidentlypromoted by the cooperation of the gaseous oxygen 611 and heating steam621 as well as significant amount of heat release and oxygenatedcombustion, which respectively results from the heated oxidizer 6 inwhich the hydrogen oxygen 61 decomposes into superheat and gaseousoxygen 611, and the water 62 vaporizes into heating steam 621.

Further, the oxidizer 6 of the present invention is put to the followingexperiments:

Test 1 (For Application On Burning Wooden Shavings):

Two shares of wooden shavings at the same weight of 20 g are provided ontwo discrete fire trays. One is sprayed by the oxidizer relative to theprevious specific proportion; the other is directly burnt. The resultsand photos are shown as following table 1 and FIG. 3:

TABLE 1 Burning subject Burning effect Wooden shavings with oxidizerFiring in 2 seconds (A tray) without redundancy Wooden shavings (B tray)Difficult to set them alight, and need long burning time

The above results prove that the oxidizer indeed significantly promotesthe burning speed and complete combustion. That is because, duringburning, the wooden shavings with oxidizer on A tray has sufficientoxygen fully disseminated therearound, that is, to have the oxygenswiftly infiltrate from the top into the interior of the shavingswithout being affected by the heaped wooden shavings. Therefore, theburning speed is promoted and the burning is far more complete, whichentirely differentiates from the simply and directly burning the woodenshavings of B tray that inevitably incurs the occurrences ofconsiderable smoke, air pollution, and incomplete burning.

Test 2 (For Application On A boiler for Firing Wastes of Refuse DerivedFuel, RDF):

The oxidizer is added during burning to render the swift infiltrationfrom the surface into the interior of the wastes by the oxidizer'spowerful oxidization as well as high conductivity of the heating steam.Therefore, the burning efficiency is evidently advanced to greatlyimprove the thermal exchange so as to average the burning effect andreduce the release of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), andother contaminants.

In addition, it is found that if to deem methane (CH₄) as a firing andto add different proportions of oxidizer into wastes under thecircumstances of the 1.0 equivalence ratio and initial temperature at150° C., the experiments on the adiabatic temperature and the laminarburning velocity would present as follows:

TABLE 2 Adiabatic Laminar Burning Oxidizer Temperature (k) Velocity(m/s) air 2286 0.71 100% O₂ 3065 4.80 100% H₂O₂ 2811 4.62 100% (H₂O +O₂) 2458 1.20 50% H₂O₂ + 50% H₂O 2450 2.22

The results from table 2 present that while the proportions of the H₂O₂and H₂O are respective 50%, the burning speed of the wastes is fasterapproximately at three times than that of air.

For whatever application of the oxidizer on burners, they substantiallyneed to add the oxidizer into wastes, for the heated oxidizer would bedecomposed and transformed into gaseous oxygen and heating steam toscatter among the interiors of the wastes or the firings. Wherein, thegaseous oxygen urges burning, and the heating steam advances convectiontemperature of burning. By means of the sufficient oxygen as well asadequate temperature, the burning reaction would swiftly get into theinterior and bottom wastes as well as the solid firing, rendering a farmore complete burning and higher burning efficiency. Accordingly, notonly the burning time shortens but also the problem of releasing carbonmonoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, and other pollutants is reduced.

Furthermore, besides being diluted with water to decrease theconcentration, the hydrogen peroxide of the present oxidizer couldadditionally associates with a stabilizer to control the stabilitythereof and prevent from the risk of high activity. Wherein, thestabilizer could be phosphate, stannate, nitrate, or other appropriateelements whose ion concentration is below 10⁻². Whereby, the addition ofthe stabilizer increases the using safety, and the stabilized oxidizerwould be readily stored or delivered because its high activity becomesstable.

Thus, the present invention has the following improvements:

-   1. The high oxidization of the heating hydrogen peroxide promotes    the burning reaction of the wastes to speed up the burning by the    swift infiltration from the top surface into the interior of wastes.    Thus, the sufficient oxygen spreading among the wastes facilitates    to average the burning effect (burning far more completely) and    decrease the generations of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon    (UHC) and noxious contaminants.-   2. The ingredients of the oxidizer are low toxicant for human body,    so no instant dangers would occur. Wherein, the vapor pressure of    the hydrogen peroxide is merely about 300 Pa at the room    temperature, so that the property of the hydrogen peroxide for    uneasily evaporating substantially coincides with the request of    safety protection. Besides, the addition of the stabilizer can    further increase the using safety.-   3. Although the hydrogen peroxide of high concentration would    decrease its decomposing speed by dilution, the diluted hydrogen    peroxide thereof would be more stable for handling. Moreover, it may    concern that the hydrogen peroxide would restrain the development of    microorganism in water. However, in fact, the hydrogen peroxide    composed of hydrogen and oxygen would not accumulate within organism    and not severely harm the organism.

To sum up, the present invention takes advantages of an oxidizerpossessing heating steam with high conductivity and powerful oxidizationunder the circumstance of heating. Thus, the burning speed of wasteswithin a burner would be promoted by means of the addition of theoxidizer, so as to advance the burning efficiency and attain a morecomplete burning effect. Accordingly, the release of carbon monoxide andunburnt hydrocarbon is reduced to decrease damages to environment.

While we have shown and described the embodiment in accordance with thepresent invention, it should be clear to those skilled in the art thatfurther embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of thepresent invention.

1. An oxidizer of a burner; said burner including a combustion chamberfor receiving wastes; wherein, said oxidizer essentially comprised of ahydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and a dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O) to perform intoa liquid compound, in which said H₂O₂ being of an addition within aproportion of 30˜100% (percent by weight) and said H₂O being of anaddition within a proportion of 0˜70% (percent by weight); whereby saidliquid oxidizer subjoined into said wastes being able to be transformedinto heating steam and gaseous oxygen by placing said wastes within saidcombustion chamber, so as to assist in burning wastes.
 2. The oxidizerof burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein, a stabilizer is added intosaid oxidizer.
 3. The oxidizer of burner as claimed in claim 2, whereinsaid stabilizer is phosphate and the concentration of ion within saidstabilizer is below 10⁻².
 4. The oxidizer of burner as claimed in claim2, wherein said stabilizer is stannate and the concentration of ionwithin said stabilizer is below 10⁻².
 5. The oxidizer of burner asclaimed in claim 2, wherein said stabilizer is nitrate and theconcentration of ion within said stabilizer is below 10⁻².